Effects of diabetes definition on global surveillance of diabetes prevalence and diagnosis: a pooled analysis of 96 population-based studies with 331,288 participants

Published: The Lancet Diabetes & Endocrinology
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Authors: NCD Risk Factor Collaboration (NCD-RisC)
Abstract:
Diabetes has been defined on the basis of different biomarkers, including fasting plasma glucose (FPG), 2-h plasma glucose in an oral glucose tolerance test (2hOGTT), and HbA1c. We assessed the effect of different diagnostic definitions on both the population prevalence of diabetes and the classification of previously undiagnosed individuals as having diabetes versus not having diabetes in a pooled analysis of data from population-based health examination surveys in different regions.

Efficacy and safety of exenatide once weekly versus sitagliptin or pioglitazone as an adjunct to metformin for treatment of type 2 diabetes (DURATION-2): a randomised trial

Published: The Lancet
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Authors: Richard M Bergenstal 1, Carol Wysham, Leigh Macconell, Jaret Malloy, Brandon Walsh, Ping Yan, Ken Wilhelm, Jim Malone, Lisa E Porter, DURATION-2 Study Group
Abstract:
Most patients with type 2 diabetes begin pharmacotherapy with metformin, but eventually need additional treatment. We assessed the safety and efficacy of once weekly exenatide, a glucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonist, versus maximum approved doses of the dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitor, sitagliptin, or the thiazolidinedione, pioglitazone, in patients treated with metformin.

The prevalence of impaired glucose metabolism in Hispanics with two or more risk factors for metabolic syndrome in the primary care setting

Published: Journal of the American Academy of Nurse Practitioners
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Authors: Claudia P Neira 1 , Margaret Hartig, Patricia A Cowan, Pedro A Velasquez-Mieyer
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LINK TO RESEARCH https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/19302694/ ABSTRACT Purpose: The purposes of this observational prospective study were (a) to identify the prevalence of undiagnosed impaired glucose metabolism (IGM) including impaired fasting glucose (IFG),...

Biphasic insulin aspart 30 for the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus

Published: Expert Opin Pharmacother
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Authors: Pedro A Velásquez-Mieyer 1 , Claudia P Neira
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Type 1 diabetes mellitus is associated with acute and long-term complications, to which pre- and postprandial hyperglycemia are independent contributors. The objective of this review was to evaluate evidence-based information using biphasic insulin aspart 30 in the treatment of type 1 diabetes mellitus.

Racial disparity in glucagon-like peptide 1 and inflammation markers among severely obese adolescents

Published: Diabetes Care
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Authors: Pedro A Velásquez-Mieyer 1 , Patricia A Cowan, Sylvia Pérez-Faustinelli, Ramfis Nieto-Martínez, Cesar Villegas-Barreto, Elizabeth A Tolley, Robert H Lustig, Bruce S Alpert
Abstract:
Compared with Caucasians, obese African-American adolescents have a higher risk for type 2 diabetes. Subclinical inflammation and reduced glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentration are linked to the pathogenesis of the disease.

Insulin dynamics predict body mass index and z-score response to insulin suppression or sensitization pharmacotherapy in obese children

Published: The Journal of Pediatrics
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Authors: Robert H Lustig 1 , Michele L Mietus-Snyder, Peter Bacchetti, Ann A Lazar, Pedro A Velasquez-Mieyer, Michael L Christensen
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To assess the use of oral glucose tolerance testing (OGTT) to predict efficacy of insulin sensitization (metformin) or suppression (octreotide) because insulin resistance and insulin hypersecretion may impact pharmacotherapeutic efficacy in obese children.

Obesity, leptin resistance, and the effects of insulin reduction

Published: International journal of obesity and related metabolic disorders
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Authors: R H Lustig 1 , S Sen, J E Soberman, P A Velasquez-Mieyer
Abstract:
Leptin resistance is a hallmark of obesity, but its etiology is unknown, and its clinical measurement is elusive. Leptin-sensitive subjects have normal resting energy expenditure (REE) at a low leptin concentration, while leptin-resistant subjects have a normal REE at a higher leptin concentration; thus, the ratio of REE:Leptin may provide a surrogate index of leptin sensitivity.